Virtual servers are created to run applications, and virtual storage pools are created to house new and existing data into dynamic tiers of storage based on performance and reliability requirements. By Chris Poelker, Dinkar Sitaram, Geetha Manjunath, in Moving To The Cloud, 2012. Users can scale and configure the software to suit their needs. In 1984, after years of having separate thoughts on networking standards, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) jointly published the Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model, more commonly known as the OSI model. As detailed in this chapter, the IaaS cloud computing model offers virtual computing resources (servers, storage and networking) as a service. Subscribe to access expert insight on business technology - in an ad-free environment. The information cloud is the ultimate goal of cloud computing and the most common from a public perspective. Specifies adoption of activities related to service portfolio management and service operation management. Application layer protocols include HTTPas well as SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is … The structure of the Internet is modeled on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. You might pay for the time of use, the volume of processed information or network traffic. The six layers of computing system is an abstract model. This is the only layer that directly interacts with data from the user. Each of these layers specifies various types of entities that may exist in a cloud computing environment, such as compute systems, network devices, storage devices, virtualization software, security mechanisms, control software, orchestration software, management software, and so on. Cloud resources are available over the network in a manner that provide platform independent access to any type of clients. The model is described in greater detail in my 2011 O'Reilly Media book, "Virtualization: A Manager's Guide," if you care to read more. Enables ensuring the availability of services in line with SLA. Figure- A machine reference model Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) defines the instruction set for the processor, registers, memory, and … The five logical layers of the cloud computing reference model. For example, a user can access data stored in a database in Singapore via a mobile phone in Atlanta, or watch a video located on a server in Japan from his a laptop in the U.S.  The information cloud abstracts everything from everything. Using this new reference model for cloud computing it becomes easy to evaluate the benefit of cloud. As an extension to the above NIST cloud computing definition, a NIST cloud computing reference architecture has been developed by the NIST Cloud Computing Reference Architecture and Taxonomy Working Group that depicts a generic high-level conceptual model for discussing the requirements, structures and operations of cloud computing. Collaborates with the virtualization software and enables resource pooling and creating virtual resources, dynamic allocation and optimizing utilization of resources. The five layers are physical layer, virtual layer, control layer, service orchestration layer, and service layer. It facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers. This document gives an overview of a Private Cloud Reference Model. But it should be made clear that client software applications are not part of the application layer; rather the application layer is responsible for the protocols and data manipulation that the software relies on to present meaningful data to the user. Supports all the layers to provide uninterrupted services. A representatio… Cloud Computing Reference Architecture and Taxonomy Working Group Cloud Computing Standards Roadmap Working Group Cloud Computing SAJACC Working Group Cloud Computing Security Working Group 1.2 Objectives The NIST cloud computing definition [1] is widely accepted as a valuable contribution toward providing Specifies the adoption of : Administrative mechanisms (security and personnel policies, standard procedures to direct safe execution of operations) and technical mechanisms (firewall, intrusion detection and prevention systems, antivirus). The cloud can be further divided into different implementation models based on whether it's created internally, outsourced or a combination of the two. Insights into the inner workings of the computer storage industry -- the issues and trends that may affect you as an end user or an IT professional. Interacts with various entities to invoke provisionning tasks. The International Organization of Standardization and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee each developed similar but separate approaches to organizing it into layers, and by 1983 the two approaches were merged to form the mod… There are seven layers in this model. Deployment of the Cloud (CLOUD²). Cloud Computing Definition, Reference Architecture, and General Use Cases Instructions 1. Enables infrastructure configuration and resource provisioning, Enables capacity and availability management, Enables monitoring cloud services and their constituent elements. Physical layer, Virtual layer, Control layer, Service Orchestration layer, and Service layer. • Define the service roadmap, service features, and service levels, • Assess and prioritize where investments across the service portfolio are most needed, • Deal with consumers in supporting activities such as taking orders, processing bills, and collecting payments, CLOUD COMPUTING GUIDEBOOK - PART 3 : THE CLOUD COMPUTING REFERENCE MODEL As shown in Figure 1, the NIST cloud computing reference architecture defines five major actors: cloud consumer, cloud provider, cloud carrier, cloud auditor and cloud broker. Cloud computing is delivered in three layers. Cloud Computing offers online development and deployment tools, programming runtime environment through PaaS model. Copyright © 2011 IDG Communications, Inc. Foundation layer of the cloud infrastructure. This simplified model is used to remove complex details and reveal the main idea of how the whole computer system works. Summary. Reference Architectures are a proven means to provide a blueprint for rapid solutions design. Consumers interact and consume cloud resources via thos layer. Chris’s postings on this site are his own. Chris specializes in storage virtualization and data protection. ... IBM Cloud Computing Reference Architecture. The content cloud transforms data into objects so that the interface to the data is no longer tied to the actual access to the data, and the application that created the content in the first place can be long gone while the data itself is still available and searchable. Software applications like web browsers and email clients rely on the application layer to initiate communications. For the purposes of this document, a Reference Model is defined as the problem definition, requirements, and scope for a specific domain including the identification of all layers (or subdomains) and any interactions or dependencies between the components. Figure 2: Interactions between the Actors in Cloud Computing 8. Every network device must adhere to the rules and standards that this model represents, so each device can communicate with the other devices in the network. Operating environment, protocol, tools and processes. Functions of orchestration layer : Provides workflows for executing automated tasks. The three cloud implementation models are: An infrastructure cloud includes the physical components that run applications and store data. The cloud computing reference model is an abstract model that characterizes and standardizes the functions of a cloud computing environment by partitioning it into abstraction layers and cross-layer functions. Supports all the layers to provide secure services. 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